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A by-election was held for the Awarua electorate on 5 August 1897, for the seat vacated by Joseph Ward, which he had held since . Despite having had to resign due to bankruptcy, he exploited a legal loophole and was re-elected to the 13th New Zealand Parliament. ==Background and election== Joseph Ward first won election to the electorate in the 1897 election. He held many portfolios in the Seddon Ministry, including that of Treasurer (i.e. Minister of Finance), when Justice Williams declared him "hopelessly insolvent" in 1896. He was forced to resign his portfolios in Cabinet on 16 June. In 1897, he had to file for bankruptcy, and was adjudicated bankrupt on 8 July 1897. He was then legally obliged to resign his seat in Parliament, which he did on 14 July. A loophole, however, meant that there was nothing to stop him simply contesting it again. He did so, and was re-elected with an increased majority.〔 His opponent, both in the previous general election in and in the by-election was Cuthbert Cowan,〔 who had previously represented the () and (–1890) electorates. Parliament passed a special Act on 13 October, the ''Awarua Seat Enquiry Act 1897'',〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Awarua Seat Enquiry Act 1897 )〕 which required the Court of Appeal to urgently decide whether he could be re-elected to Parliament, and the court decided in his favour. The court judgement was published as AJHR H32 of 1897. Ward actually gained considerable popularity as a result of his financial troubles; Ward was widely seen as a great benefactor of the Southland region, and public perceptions were that he was being persecuted by his enemies over an honest mistake. Gradually, Ward rebuilt his businesses, and paid off his debtors. Richard Seddon, still Prime Minister, quickly reappointed Ward to Cabinet.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Awarua by-election, 1897」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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